Which statement best describes the care for acute diverticulitis?

• A. Bowel rest with NPO, IV antibiotics, IV fluids, and bed rest
• B. High-fiber diet and early ambulation
• C. Immediate surgical resection
• D. Use of laxatives to promote peristalsis

Answer: (A)

Acute diverticulitis is managed by giving the colon a chance to rest while treating infection and supporting the patient’s fluids and comfort. Bowel rest with nothing by mouth reduces fecal material and colonic activity, which helps limit irritation of the inflamed diverticula. Intravenous antibiotics are used to cover the typical gut flora, including anaerobes and gram-negative bacteria, to control the infection. IV fluids keep the patient hydrated and support circulation during illness, and bed rest helps minimize abdominal strain and pain.

Longer-term dietary changes aren’t started during the acute phase; after symptoms resolve, many patients are gradually advanced to a high-fiber diet to help prevent recurrences. Surgical resection is reserved for complicated cases or those that fail medical management, not as the initial approach. Laxatives are avoided in the acute phase because increasing bowel activity can worsen inflammation and raise the risk of perforation. This combination—inflammation control, infection treatment, and supportive care—best describes the acute management.