Which is the standard treatment for most overdoses?

• A. Charcoal
• B. Gastric lavage
• C. Naloxone
• D. Hemodialysis

Answer: (A)

Activated charcoal binds many ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing how much drug is absorbed into the bloodstream. Because most overdoses involve oral ingestion, giving charcoal promptly can substantially limit systemic exposure and minimize harm. It’s most effective when administered within about an hour (and sometimes a bit longer for certain substances), making it the standard initial decontamination for many overdoses. It won’t help for substances that charcoal doesn’t bind well, such as caustics, hydrocarbons, or iron, and it can’t be used safely if the patient cannot protect their airway or is at high risk of aspiration. Other interventions, like gastric lavage, dialysis, or antidotes such as naloxone, are reserved for specific toxins or circumstances rather than the majority of overdoses.