Which dietary modification is recommended for chronic kidney disease?

• A. Increase Fluids
• B. Restrict Fluids, Sodium, Potassium, and Phosphorus
• C. Increase Potassium
• D. Increase Protein

Answer: (B)

In chronic kidney disease, the kidneys lose their ability to regulate fluids and electrolytes, so the diet is aimed at reducing substances the kidneys can’t handle well. When kidney function declines, excess fluid builds up, and the body can’t excrete potassium and phosphorus efficiently, leading to edema, high blood pressure, dangerous heart rhythms, and bone-mineral problems. Limiting fluids helps prevent fluid overload; restricting sodium lowers thirst and helps control fluid retention and blood pressure; reducing potassium lowers the risk of hyperkalemia; and keeping phosphorus modest helps protect bones and prevent vascular calcifications. Some plans also adjust protein intake to balance nutrition with waste production, but the core idea across CKD stages is to curb fluids and key electrolytes. Increasing fluids, potassium, or protein would worsen the problems CKD patients face, so the advised modification is to restrict fluids, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus.