What is wound evisceration?

• A. Dehiscence without protrusion.
• B. Protrusion of internal organs through the wall of an incision.
• C. Infection with purulent drainage.
• D. Bleeding at the wound site.

Answer: (B)

Wound evisceration is the protrusion of internal organs through the wall of a surgical incision, typically after the wound has partially or completely dehisced. This is a true emergency because exposed viscera are at high risk for contamination, ischemia, and infection. Immediate steps include covering the protruding tissues with sterile, saline-moistened dressings, keeping the patient still and in a low-stress position (often with knees bent to reduce abdominal tension), notifying the surgeon right away, and preparing for urgent operative management. Do not attempt to push the organs back in. This condition is distinct from simple wound dehiscence (which is separation of wound layers without protrusion) and from infection with drainage or bleeding at the site.