The signs high fever, change in level of consciousness, and neck stiffness are most indicative of which condition?

• A. Encephalitis
• B. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
• C. Meningitis
• D. Brain abscess

Answer: (C)

Meningitis is suggested by fever, altered level of consciousness, and neck stiffness because these signs reflect inflammation of the meninges with CNS involvement. Neck stiffness, or nuchal rigidity, arises from irritation of the meninges; fever shows infection; and changes in consciousness indicate CNS irritation from inflammation. Encephalitis can cause fever and confusion but neck stiffness is not as typical; subarachnoid hemorrhage usually presents with a sudden severe headache and neck stiffness but not fever; a brain abscess often presents with headache and fever plus progressively altered mental status, sometimes with focal deficits. The combination most tightly fits meningitis.