Osteoporosis is best described as which of the following?

• A. High bone density
• B. Normal bone density
• C. Low bone density
• D. Increased bone density

Answer: (C)

Osteoporosis is defined by a reduction in bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, which makes bones porous and fragile. This is best described as low bone density, meaning the bones have less mineral content than normal and are more prone to fractures. Bone density is usually measured with a DEXA scan, where a T-score of -2.5 or lower indicates osteoporosis, while normal density falls around -1 to +1 and -1 to -2.5 is termed osteopenia. Clinically, those with low bone density are at an increased risk of fractures from minor falls or stresses, which is the hallmark concern of osteoporosis.