In bronchiolitis, what is the priority nursing intervention due to frequent suctioning needs?

• A. Nebulized bronchodilators
• B. Frequent suctioning
• C. Administer antibiotics
• D. Hydration alone

Answer: (B)

Airway clearance is the priority in bronchiolitis because tiny airways become heavily obstructed by thick secretions, especially in infants. When secretions accumulate, ventilation and gas exchange suffer, so clearing the airway to maintain patency is the most immediate nursing concern. Frequent suctioning directly addresses this by removing mucus and preventing mucus plugging that can worsen hypoxia and respiratory distress.

To do this safely, prep oxygen or a ventilated state before suctioning, use sterile technique, choose the appropriate size suction catheter, and limit each suction pass to short durations (to minimize hypoxemia and mucosal injury). After suctioning, reassess the infant’s respiratory status and oxygen saturation. Hydration and humidified air support thinner secretions and overall comfort, but the reason suctioning is emphasized is its direct effect on maintaining an open airway and adequate ventilation. Antibiotics aren’t routinely indicated, as bronchiolitis is usually viral, and bronchodilators aren’t universally effective, though they may be used selectively.