During an oxytocin infusion, monitoring intake and output is important because oxytocin can cause what complication if intake is not managed?

• A. Hypertension
• B. Water intoxication
• C. Dehydration
• D. Urinary retention

Answer: (B)

Oxytocin can act like vasopressin, promoting water retention. If fluid intake during the infusion isn’t limited as ordered, this can dilute the blood sodium level and lead to water intoxication (hyponatremia). That’s why monitoring both intake and output is essential—to prevent fluid overload and its neurologic complications. Early signs include headache, confusion, and nausea, with more severe cases risking seizures. To prevent this, adhere to the prescribed fluid regimen, monitor I&O closely, and restrict extra fluids as directed. If water intoxication is suspected, reduce or stop IV fluids and notify the provider promptly. Hypertension, dehydration, and urinary retention are not the typical issues caused by oxytocin infusion in this context.