Diet for chronic kidney disease includes restricting which nutrients?

• A. Restrict Fluids, Sodium, Potassium, and Phosphorus
• B. Increase Fluids
• C. Increase Potassium
• D. High Protein Diet

Answer: (A)

In chronic kidney disease, the kidneys lose their ability to regulate fluid and electrolytes, so the diet focuses on limiting substances that accumulate and cause harm. Limiting fluids helps prevent fluid overload and edema; restricting sodium reduces thirst, fluid retention, and blood pressure since salt pulls water into the body. Potassium restriction is important because failed excretion can lead to dangerous high potassium levels, which affect heart rhythm. Phosphorus restriction helps prevent bone and cardiovascular problems that arise from phosphorus buildup when kidney function declines.

Increasing fluids would worsen edema and hypertension; increasing potassium risks hyperkalemia; a high protein diet can increase nitrogenous waste and uremic symptoms. Therefore, restricting fluids, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus is the appropriate dietary approach.